As dog lovers, we‘re always eager to understand what our furry friends are trying to tell us. One common behavior that often leaves owners scratching their heads is excessive lip licking and swallowing. While the occasional mouth motion is nothing to worry about, frequent lip smacking can sometimes indicate an underlying issue. In this comprehensive guide, we‘ll explore the various reasons behind this behavior and provide expert advice on when it‘s time to seek veterinary care.
How Common Is Lip Licking in Dogs?
According to a study published in the Journal of Veterinary Behavior, lip licking is one of the most frequently observed behaviors in dogs, with over 80% of owners reporting that their dogs display this behavior at least occasionally. While the exact prevalence of excessive or abnormal lip licking is unknown, it‘s essential for owners to familiarize themselves with the potential causes so they can seek appropriate care when needed.
Reasons for Lip Licking and Swallowing in Dogs
There are numerous reasons why dogs may lick their lips and swallow, ranging from benign behavioral quirks to serious medical concerns. The following table summarizes some of the most common causes:
| Cause | Associated Symptoms |
|---|---|
| Stress and anxiety | Yawning, pacing, trembling, hiding |
| Anticipating food | Drooling, excitement, attentive behavior |
| Keeping mouth and lips moist | Panting, increased thirst |
| Exploring environment | Sniffing, licking objects, curiosity |
| Nausea and gastrointestinal issues | Vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite |
| Exposure to toxins | Drooling, vomiting, seizures, difficulty breathing |
| Foreign objects in mouth or throat | Pawing at mouth, gagging, difficulty swallowing |
| Dehydration | Lethargy, sunken eyes, dry nose and gums |
| Dental disease | Bad breath, red or swollen gums, difficulty eating |
| Seizures | Muscle twitching, loss of consciousness, disorientation |
Behavioral Causes of Lip Licking
One of the most common reasons for occasional lip licking in dogs is stress or anxiety. According to certified professional dog trainer and behavior consultant Mikkel Becker, lip licking is often a sign of appeasement or nervousness in dogs. "Lip licking is a common stress signal in dogs," says Becker. "It‘s a way for them to self-soothe and calm themselves down in uncomfortable situations."
In addition to being a self-soothing behavior, lip licking can also serve as a form of communication between dogs. A study published in the journal Animal Cognition found that dogs often use lip licking as an appeasement gesture to diffuse potential conflicts with other dogs or humans. By licking their lips, dogs convey that they mean no harm and wish to avoid confrontation.
While occasional stress-related lip licking is normal, excessive or obsessive licking can sometimes indicate an underlying anxiety disorder. According to the Merck Veterinary Manual, compulsive disorders in dogs are characterized by repetitive, exaggerated behaviors that interfere with normal functioning. If your dog‘s lip licking seems excessive or is accompanied by other signs of anxiety, such as pacing, trembling, or destructive behavior, it‘s important to consult with a veterinarian or certified animal behaviorist for guidance.
Medical Causes of Lip Licking
In some cases, excessive lip licking and swallowing can be a sign of an underlying medical issue. Some potential health concerns that may cause this behavior include:
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Oral pain or discomfort: Dental problems, such as tooth decay, gum inflammation, and oral ulcers, can cause dogs to lick their lips excessively. According to the American Veterinary Dental College, periodontal disease is the most common clinical condition in adult dogs, affecting over 80% of dogs over the age of three. Other oral issues that may lead to lip licking include oral cancers, foreign bodies stuck in the mouth or throat, and injuries to the tongue or mucous membranes.
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Gastrointestinal issues: Nausea, acid reflux, and other digestive problems can cause dogs to lick their lips and swallow frequently. A study published in the Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine found that lip licking was one of the most common signs of nausea in dogs, along with drooling, loss of appetite, and vomiting. Other gastrointestinal conditions that may cause lip licking include inflammatory bowel disease, pancreatitis, and intestinal blockages.
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Neurological disorders: In rare cases, excessive lip licking may be a sign of a neurological issue, such as a brain tumor, encephalitis, or seizure disorder. According to Dr. Jerry Klein, Chief Veterinary Officer of the American Kennel Club, some dogs may smack their lips or chew at the air before or after experiencing a seizure. If you suspect your dog is having seizures, it‘s crucial to seek immediate veterinary care.
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Other medical conditions: Various other health issues can cause dogs to lick their lips excessively, including liver disease, kidney failure, and certain endocrine disorders. In some cases, lip licking may be a sign of dehydration or electrolyte imbalances. Additionally, certain medications, such as those used to treat motion sickness or anxiety, can cause drooling and increased lip licking as a side effect.
When to Seek Veterinary Care
While occasional lip licking is usually nothing to worry about, it‘s important to be aware of the signs that may indicate a more serious issue. According to Dr. Lori Teller, a clinical associate professor at the Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, owners should seek veterinary care if their dog‘s lip licking is:
- Excessive or frequent
- Accompanied by other symptoms, such as vomiting, diarrhea, or loss of appetite
- Associated with changes in behavior, such as lethargy or aggression
- Causing skin irritation or sores around the mouth
"If your dog is licking their lips more than usual, or if the behavior seems out of character, it‘s always best to err on the side of caution and have them evaluated by a veterinarian," advises Dr. Teller. "Early intervention can help prevent minor issues from becoming more serious health concerns."
How to Examine Your Dog‘s Mouth at Home
As a dog owner, it‘s a good idea to get in the habit of regularly examining your dog‘s mouth for signs of problems. Here‘s a step-by-step guide for checking your pup‘s oral health at home:
- Choose a quiet, well-lit area where your dog feels comfortable.
- Gently lift your dog‘s lips and examine their gums and teeth. Healthy gums should be pink and firm, while the teeth should be free of tartar buildup and decay.
- Check for any signs of redness, swelling, or bleeding along the gum line.
- Look for any cracked, loose, or missing teeth.
- Examine your dog‘s tongue and inner cheeks for any cuts, sores, or unusual lumps or bumps.
- Note any unusual odors coming from your dog‘s mouth, as bad breath can be a sign of dental disease or other health issues.
If you notice any abnormalities during your at-home exam, be sure to schedule an appointment with your veterinarian for a more thorough evaluation.
Treating Excessive Lip Licking
The appropriate treatment for excessive lip licking will depend on the underlying cause. If an oral health issue is to blame, your veterinarian may recommend a professional dental cleaning or other dental procedures to address the problem. For gastrointestinal issues, treatment may involve dietary changes, medications to control nausea and vomiting, or even surgery in severe cases.
If your dog‘s lip licking is related to anxiety or stress, behavior modification techniques and positive reinforcement training can be helpful. According to certified dog behavior consultant Jamie Wohlsifer, it‘s important to identify and address the root cause of your dog‘s anxiety rather than simply punishing the lip licking behavior. "Punishment can actually make anxiety worse," explains Wohlsifer. "Instead, focus on creating a calm, predictable environment for your dog and rewarding relaxed behaviors with praise and treats."
In some cases, anti-anxiety medications or natural calming supplements may also be recommended to help manage a dog‘s anxiety. However, it‘s important to consult with a veterinarian or certified animal behaviorist before starting any new treatment regimen.
Resources for Dog Owners
If you‘re concerned about your dog‘s lip licking behavior or simply want to learn more about canine health and behavior, there are many excellent resources available. Here are a few to get you started:
- The American Veterinary Dental College offers a wealth of information on canine oral health, including tips for at-home dental care and when to seek professional treatment.
- The American College of Veterinary Behaviorists provides a directory of certified animal behaviorists who can help with anxiety and other behavioral issues.
- The Merck Veterinary Manual is a comprehensive online resource that covers a wide range of canine health topics, including lip licking and other common behaviors.
- The American Kennel Club offers a variety of educational articles and videos on dog care, training, and behavior.
Conclusion
Lip licking and swallowing is a common behavior in dogs that can have many different causes, from simple thirst to complex medical issues. As responsible dog owners, it‘s up to us to stay informed and attentive to our pets‘ needs. By familiarizing ourselves with the various reasons behind lip licking, regularly examining our dogs‘ mouths, and seeking veterinary care when needed, we can help keep our furry friends healthy and happy for years to come. Remember, when in doubt, always err on the side of caution and consult with your trusted veterinarian for guidance.
