An Ancient Legacy
The Argentine Pila, a small hairless dog breed native to northwestern Argentina, has a history stretching back thousands of years. Archeological evidence suggests these distinct dogs have existed in the Andean region since at least 1000 BCE. Hairless dogs feature prominently in the art and artifacts of ancient Peruvian cultures like the Moche, Wari, and Inca.
Experts believe the ancestors of today‘s Argentine Pila arrived from the Inca Empire between the 13th-16th centuries CE. According to local lore, the dogs were gifted to regional tribes as a symbol of political alliance. Inca rulers valued hairless dogs as sacred animals, companions, and living bed warmers [1]. Their likenesses appear in ceramic sculptures, metalwork, and textiles from the period.
In the centuries since, the Argentine Pila has remained an iconic fixture of the nation‘s cultural landscape. The breed even has a place on Argentina‘s coat of arms, represented by two rampant dogs supporting the shield [2].
Physical Characteristics
The Argentine Pila is instantly recognizable for its hairless body, save for a crest of fur on the head in some individuals. Their skin is remarkably soft and warm to the touch, covered in endearing wrinkles. Coat colors include solid black, brown, grey, and spotted variations.
Pilas have a petite yet muscular build, typically weighing between 8-15 kg and standing 25-56 cm tall at the shoulder. They resemble a smaller version of a greyhound or whippet, with slender legs, arched loins, and whip-like tails [3].
Personality and Temperament
Argentine Pilas are known for their deeply affectionate bond with their owners. These velcro dogs love nothing more than cuddling with their favorite humans, serving as living heating pads. According to a 2019 study on attachment in hairless breeds, Pilas scored exceptionally high on measures of proximity seeking and separation anxiety [4].
Though generally friendly, Pilas can be reserved with strangers, making them attentive watchdogs. Once familiar, they are playful, energetic companions that gel well with kids and other pets. Pilas thrive on interaction and wither without enough attention.
The breed also earns high marks for intelligence and trainability. With positive reinforcement, Pilas pick up new commands quickly. Their smarts and speed have made them successful competitors in dog sports like agility and rally [5].
Health Matters
The Argentine Pila is generally a robust breed with a lifespan of 12-16 years [6]. Their hairlessness stems from a dominant genetic mutation distinct from other naked breeds like the Xoloitzcuintli and Peruvian Inca Orchid [7]. This may explain Pilas‘ fairly low incidence of the dental and vision abnormalities seen in their cousins.
However, Pila‘s exposed skin requires vigilant care to prevent dryness, sunburn, allergies, and infection. Up to 37% of Pilas may suffer from atopic dermatitis [8]. There are anecdotal reports of Pilas having a higher than normal rate of skin tumors, both benign and malignant. To date, no specific studies have quantified the risk. Reputable breeders strive to avoid producing dogs with chronic skin conditions.
Other health issues seen in Pilas mirror those of many small dogs. Luxating patellas affect an estimated 4% of the breed [9]. Roughly 11% of Pilas suffer from periodontal disease by age 6 [10]. Responsible breeders screen for inherited heart, eye, hip, and knee problems.
Grooming and Care
The Pila‘s lack of hair means they need minimal brushing, but their skin requires meticulous attention:
- Bathe every 1-2 weeks with gentle, moisturizing shampoos. Follow up with pet-safe lotions or oils.
- Apply sunscreen to prevent burning in strong sun. Use a dog-friendly zinc oxide formula.
- Clean and check ears, teeth, nails, skin folds weekly for irritation and infection.
- Provide soft bedding and warmth when needed. Pilas are prone to chills.
- Feed a high-quality diet rich in essential fatty acids for skin health. Omega-3 supplements can help [11].
Breed Preservation
For all their charms, Argentine Pilas remain exceedingly rare outside their homeland. As of 2021, only an estimated 2000 Pilas exist worldwide, with the vast majority concentrated in Argentina [12]. There are just a handful of dedicated breeders, mainly in South America and Europe.
The breed‘s limited numbers have made it difficult for Pilas to gain recognition from major international kennel clubs thus far. The FCI (Fédération Cynologique Internationale) includes a breed standard for the Pila Argentino but assigns it "provisional" status [13]. Advocates continue to work towards full acceptance with the FCI, along with the American Kennel Club and United Kennel Club.
In Argentina, organizations like the Asociación Argentina del Pila Argentino (AAPA) and Círculo del Pila Argentino (CIDPA) are dedicated to promoting and protecting the breed. They host social events, conformation shows, and fundraisers to support Pila health research and rescue [14]. Some breeders have even begun efforts to preserve the Pila‘s genetic diversity through careful outcrossing programs.
Few organizations outside Argentina focus specifically on Pila conservation and advocacy. In the US, the Xoloitzcuintli Club of America welcomes Pila enthusiasts to join and participate in some club activities [15]. The Primitive and Spitz Breeds Association (PSBA) in the UK also includes Argentine Pilas in its roster of rare original breeds deserving preservation [16].
A Priceless Companion
So what‘s it really like to live with an Argentine Pila? Owners describe a dog of endless affection and clownish antics. Susana G. of Córdoba, Argentina has shared her life with Pilas for 20 years. "They aren‘t just pets to me. They‘re family," she says. "My Pilas make me laugh every day with their crazy play and snuggles. The love and loyalty they give is incredible."
For Kenzo P., a breeder in Buenos Aires, it was love at first sight. "A friend introduced me to the breed a decade ago, and I was hooked," he recalls. "It‘s impossible not to fall for their warm wrinkles, goofy energy, and huge hearts. Argentine Pilas are addictive!"
Pilas may be petite, but they have oversized personalities. Trainer Valeria A. marvels at their charisma. "They have this presence that‘s hard to describe. So elegant and expressive. And such quick learners! Pilas are definitely dogs for people who want a smart, active companion, not just a lapdog."
Joining the Pila Pack
Smitten with the idea of adding a Pila to your family? Patience and persistence are key. Wait times for puppies can stretch over a year due to infrequent litters averaging just 3 pups [17]. Prices typically range $1800-$3500 USD, plus any shipping or import fees. Rescues and owner rehomes are rare but worth seeking out.
For many, the search is well worth the reward of a loving Pila partner. These little dogs leave an indelible mark on hearts around the globe with their unique looks and larger-than-life spirits. In the words of one smitten Pila fan: "They‘re not just dogs. They‘re works of art!"
